MRI vs CT Scan: Understanding the Difference

MRI and CT scans both create cross-sectional images of the body, but they use different technologies and are suited to different clinical questions. Your doctor selects the examination that is most likely to provide the information needed for your symptoms.

How MRI works

Magnetic resonance imaging uses a magnetic field and radio waves. It is particularly useful for detailed views of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, joints, muscles, ligaments and many internal organs. MRI does not use ionising radiation, but the magnetic field means that implants and metal must be screened carefully.

How CT works

Computed tomography uses X-rays and computer processing to produce detailed images quickly. CT is often selected for the lungs, bones, trauma, abdominal conditions and situations where speed is important. Because CT uses ionising radiation, the examination is planned to answer a specific medical question with an appropriate imaging protocol.

Contrast material

Some MRI and CT examinations use contrast material to make particular tissues, blood vessels or abnormalities easier to evaluate. MRI and CT contrast agents are different. Tell the imaging team about allergies, kidney problems, pregnancy and previous contrast reactions. Do not stop medicines or fast unless your doctor or the imaging centre specifically instructs you to do so.

Which scan should you choose?

One scan is not universally better than the other. The correct choice depends on the body part, symptoms, urgency, medical history and information required. Bring your prescription and previous reports so the radiology team can perform the requested study accurately.

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This article provides general information. Your treating clinician should decide which imaging examination is appropriate for you.